Core is estimated to originate from interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) which under normal circumstances is part of the autonomic nervous system in the gut. ICC is a pacemaker ICC in the intestine that serves to regulate motility and peristalsis. On the ICC there is a transmembrane receptor genes as stem cell factor. C-kit consisting of the extracellular domain, traneluler segments, and the intracellular part. C-kit gene mutations occur in the intracellular tyrosine kinase that serves as a many-to activate the enzyme. This mutation causes the c-kit function is not dependent on the activation of various enzymes. This mutation causes the c-kit function is not dependent on the activation of stem cell factor, causing a very rapid cell division.
Gist Tumors can occur in all parts of the gastrointestinal tract, but are most often found in the stomach {60 - 70%), small intestine (20-30%), rarely found in the colorectum and esophagus (<10%). Clinically GIST has a broad spectrum, ranging from the benign to malignant. On a very small tumors are usually asymptomatic and detected incidentally by endoscopy.
Are not clinically visible symptoms typical of this tumor. Usually the patient complained of discomfort in the abdomen. Can sometimes be accompanied by bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract of henatemesis or melena. These symptoms usually occur as a manifestation of ulceration and bleeding. In the cases can be found in part a palpable mass in the abdomen.
Radiological examination can be used to help establish the diagnosis of GIST. By radiological examination that has high enough sensitivity to detect the presence of GIST is to use a CT scan examination. In this examination can be differentiated tumor that is located in the lumen, or the expansion of the intramural eksofitik.